Mesothelioma is a rare and very aggressive tumor that affects the pleura, and its main cause is exposure to asbestos, a mineral used in the building whose use was banned four decades ago.
Mesothelioma is a tumor that is derived from the mesothelial cells of the pleura, peritoneum, pericardium and tunica albuginea of the testis. The mesothelium is a membrane that covers all our cavities internally.
The pleural location is the most frequent (80%), affecting the pleura diffusely. The pleura is the membrane that covers the rib cage and the surface of the lungs.
It is a rare tumor. It occurs between the 5th and 7th decade of life due to previous occupational exposure to asbestos or asbestos (a mineral) in youth. The incidence is highest in Australia, Belgium and Great Britain (with more than 20 cases per million inhabitants); In Spain, the incidence is less than 22 cases per million, and mesothelioma accounts for 0.3% of cancer deaths. The incidence is higher in men than in women.
The average survival of those affected by a malignant mesothelioma is between six and 18 months.
Causes of Mesothelioma
Asbestos - the commercial name for a mineral made up of silica, magnesium, lime and ferrous oxide - is the main cause of mesothelioma and its carcinogenic capacity has been demonstrated in animals. In humans, it has been proven that the risk is proportional to exposure to it, with miners and workers in the naval industry, construction, textiles, and plumbers being the most at risk groups. In fact it is estimated that up to 10% of workers at risk develop mesothelioma, and 80% of cases of mesothelioma have a history of exposure to this mineral, whose use in construction began to be limited for decades and has been banned In many developed countries (In Spain in 2001), but still present in many of the buildings that surround us. Currently,
The latency period (time between exposure and onset of disease) can be between 14 and 75 years, and other factors that may influence exposure time, intensity and environmental exposure, and there are even cases of familial mesothelioma.
Other causes of mesothelioma are ionizing radiation (increased incidence in patients previously treated with radiotherapy) or SV40 virus, present between 60 and 86% of mesothelioma samples (although conclusive results can not be drawn from the studies).
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